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Insteadthey went with Solution 2. The resulting currency, known as bitcoin cash, increased the blocksize to 8 Mb in order to accelerate the verification procedure to allow a performance of around two million transactions per day. In the time of writing, Bitcoin Cash is valued at $545.00 to Bitcoins $6,328.11.

When you hear about bitcoin mining, you envisage coins being dug from the ground. But bitcoin isnt physical, so why do we call it mining

Because its like gold mining in that the bitcoins exist in the protocols design (like the gold exists underground), but they havent been brought out into the mild yet (just as the golden hasnt yet been dug up). The bitcoin protocol stipulates that 21 million bitcoins will exist at some point.

They get to perform this as a reward for creating blocks of confirmed transactions and including them in the blockchain.

Backtracking a bit, lets discuss nodes. A node is a powerful computer that runs the bitcoin applications and helps to keep bitcoin running by participating in the relay of information. Anyone can run a node, you just download the bitcoin applications (totally free ) and leave a certain port open (the downside is that it consumes energy and storage space the network at time of writing takes up about 145GB).

One node will send information to some nodes that it knows, that will relay the information to nodes they know, etc.. That way it ends up getting around the whole network pretty quickly. .

Some nodes are mining nodes (usually known as miners). These group outstanding transactions into cubes and add them to the blockchain. How can they do this By solving a complex mathematical mystery that's part of the bitcoin app, and including the answer in the cube. The puzzle that needs solving is to find a number that, when combined with all the information in the cube and passed through a hash function, produces a result that is within a certain range.

(For fiction fans, this number is called a nonce, which is a concatenation of number used once. In the instance of bitcoin, the nonce is an integer between 0 and 4,294,967,296.)

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How do they find this number By guessing at random. The hash function which makes it impossible to predict exactly what the output will be. So, miners suppose the mystery number and use the hash function to the combination of that guessed number and the information in the block. The resulting hash must start with a pre-established number of zeroes.

Whats more, there might be several nonces that produce the desired result, or there might be none (in which case the miners keep trying, but using a different block configuration). .

The first miner to get a resulting hash within the desired range announces its success to the rest of the network. The rest of the miners immediately stop work on that block and begin trying to find out the puzzle number for the next one. As a reward for its own work, the victorious miner has some new bitcoin. .

In the time of writing, the reward is 12.5 bitcoins, which at time of writing will be worth nearly $200,000.

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Though its not nearly as cushy a deal as it sounds. There are a whole lot of mining nodes competing for this reward, and it's a question of fortune and computing power (the more guessing calculations you can execute, the luckier you're ).

Also, the costs of being a mining node are considerable, not only because of the powerful hardware needed (in case you have a faster processor than your competitors, you have a better chance of finding the right number before they perform ), but also because of the large amounts of electricity that running these chips consumes. Continued .

And, the number of all bitcoins awarded as a reward for solving the puzzle will decrease. Its 12.5 now, however, it pits each four years or so (the next one is anticipated in 2020-21). The worth of bitcoin relative to cost of power and hardware could extend up over the next few decades to partly compensate this reduction, but its not certain. .

The difficulty of this calculation (the necessary number of zeroes at the beginning of the hash string) is corrected frequently, so it takes on average about 10 minutes to process a block.

Why 10 minutes that's the amount of time that the bitcoin programmers think is necessary for a steady content and click to investigate diminishing flow of new coins until the highest number of 21 million is reached (anticipated some time in 2140).